Why is phosphorus runoff risk a concern in late fall fertilization?

Phosphorus runoff risk is a significant concern in late fall fertilization due to its potential to cause environmental pollution. When phosphorus is applied to fields before winter, it can be washed away by rainfall or melting snow into nearby waterways. This runoff contributes to nutrient loading in water bodies, leading to problems like algal blooms. Algal blooms can deplete oxygen in the water, harm aquatic life, and disrupt ecosystems, resulting in poor water quality.

Addressing the environmental impact of phosphorus runoff is critical, as it not only affects local water sources but can also have broader consequences for public health and recreational water activities. Therefore, managing phosphorus application timing and methods is essential to mitigate its risks and protect environmental integrity.