Which of the following describes a method to prevent groundwater contamination?

Managing runoff pathways is a crucial method for preventing groundwater contamination. This approach involves controlling how water moves across the land and ensuring that it does not carry pollutants into the groundwater supply. By strategically designing landscapes, using retention basins, and implementing buffer zones with vegetation, runoff can be managed effectively. These practices help filter out harmful substances before they reach water sources.

In contrast, increasing urbanization often leads to more impervious surfaces, such as roads and buildings, which can increase runoff and reduce natural filtration. Using more fertilizers can contribute to contamination if they are not applied correctly, as excess nutrients can leach into the groundwater. Reducing vegetation also negatively impacts groundwater quality, as plants play a critical role in absorbing water and filtering pollutants, thus enhancing the overall health of the ecosystem.