Which of the following best describes impervious surfaces?

The correct description of impervious surfaces is that they do not absorb water. This means that when precipitation falls on these surfaces, such as roads, sidewalks, or rooftops, the water cannot infiltrate into the ground. Instead, it runs off the surface, which can lead to increased surface runoff and potential water quality issues, as well as contributing to flooding. Understanding the nature of impervious surfaces is crucial for effective water management and environmental protection, as they can significantly impact local hydrology and ecosystem health.

In contrast, surfaces that allow water to penetrate are considered permeable and do not fit the definition of impervious surfaces. Surfaces rich in organic material typically suggest a capacity for water absorption and nutrient retention, which again would not classify them as impervious. Similarly, surfaces that improve drainage often refer to systems designed to facilitate water movement, rather than inhibiting it as impervious surfaces do.